Archived Materials
Jump to topics:
- Adolescents
- American Indians/Alaska Natives
- Behavior
- Data & Statistics
- Laboratory
- Males
- Other Resources
- Partner Services
- Performance Measures
- Prevention
- Provider & Patient Education Materials
- Screening
- Social Policy/Health Policy/Law
- Special Populations
- STD Guidelines
- Transmission
A randomized controlled trial for reducing risks for sexually transmitted infections through enhanced patient-based partner notification. Wilson TE, et al. Am J Public Health. 2009 Apr;99 Suppl 1:S104-10. Epub 2008 Jun 12
This study sought to assess the effectiveness of approaches targeting improved sexually transmitted infection (STI) sexual partner notification through patient referral.
Letter to the Editor: Disease Intervention Specialists as a Corps, Not Corpse. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
This commentary by Potterat offers opinion about the role of DIS.
Can E-Technology Through the Internet be Used as a New Tool to Address the Chlamydia trachomatis Epidemic by Home Sampling and Vaginal Swabs? C Gaydos, et al.; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; September 2009; Volume 36, Number 9, 577
Clinic-Based Testing for Rectal and Pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis Infections by Community-Based Organizations — Five Cities, United States, 2007. MMWR, July 10, 2009; 58(26);716-719
Coverage Is the Key for Effective Screening of Chlamydia trachomatis in Australia
This article by Regan, et al., is a dynamic modeling exercise that examines the impact of different screening approaches on chlamydia prevalence in Australia.
Chlamydia trachomatis Screening to Participate in a Non-Medical Approach to Qualitative Study of Men and Women’s Willingness. Lorimer K, et al.; Sex Transm Inf published online 23 Dec 2008; doi:10.1136/sti.2008.031138
This objective of this study was to explore factors associated with men and women’s willingness to provide a urine sample for Chlamydia trachomatis screening in various non-medical settings.
ACOG Issues Recommendations on Routine Pelvic Exam, Cervical Cytology
http://www.acog.org/from_home/publications/press_releases/nr05-04-04-1.cfm
Screening for Asymptomatic Chlamydia Infections Among Sexually Active Adolescent Girls During Pediatric Urgent Care. K Tebb, et al.; Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med/Vol 163 (No. 6), June 2009.
A clinical practice intervention (CPI) significantly improved the proportion of adolescent girls screened for chlamydia during urgent care, according to the results of a randomized controlled trial reported in the June issue of Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. The goal of this study was to design and assess an intervention to increase screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in sexually active adolescent girls seen during pediatric urgent care.
Editorial: Approaches to Chlamydia Screening - One Size Does Not Fit All. Diane R. Blake, MD
In this editorial, Dr. Blake discusses the study by Tebb, et al., and the need for new approaches to CT screening.
Improving Screening, Treatment Of Sexually Acquired Infections In Teens. Margaret J. Blythe and Elizabeth M. Alderman; AAP News 2008;29;14.
In this article, Drs. Blythe and Alderman discuss ways that pediatricians can advocate for access to appropriate health care for sexually active teens.
American Indians/Alaska Natives
Department Tribal Consultation Policy
This policy brief by the U.S. Department Of Health And Human Services, (January 2005) demonstrates how state/local programs can more effectively include and engage their AI/AN communities in statewide STD prevention efforts.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Alaska Native & Inuit/First Nations/Métis in Canada: Discovering Opportunities for Collaboration
The final report for the Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Alaska Native & Inuit/First Nations/Métis in Canada: Discovering Opportunities for Collaboration is now available. The report summarizes the collective efforts of participating agencies and outlines future collaborative work among partnering organizations to address the needs of Northern Native populations.
DRAFT UNODC WHO UNAIDS Policy Statement on HIV testing in prison settings
UNODC, WHO and UNAIDS have developed a draft policy statement on HIV testing in prison. This policy statement has been developed on the basis of a background document prepared by Ralf Jurgens, and an expert meeting held last September in Varna, as well as further consultation with different experts. The final draft is now being disseminated for comments. Download the document from the UNODC website: http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/hiv-aids/publications.html
Depressive Symptoms and Sexual Risk Behavior in Young, Chlamydia-Infected, Heterosexual Dyads. LA Shrier, et al.; Journal of Adolescent Health 45 (2009) 63–69
This study by Shrier, et al., published in the July 2009 issue of Journal of Adolescent Medicine, examined the association between depressive symptoms and dyad-level sexual risk behavior in young heterosexual STI-infected persons.
Behavioral Counseling to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections:
A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
This article by Lin, et al., published in the October issue of Annals of Internal Medicine, is a systematic review of STI behavioral counseling interventions conducted for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
The Relationship Between Recent Alcohol Use and Sexual Behaviors: Gender Differences Among Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic Patients
This study by Hutton HE, et al., examines the relationship between binge drinking and risky sexual behaviors/STDs in patients attending an urban STD clinic. The study also looked at gender differences.
“D.C. to Offer STD Tests In Every High School Expansion of Program Draws Praise,” by Darryl Fears and Nelson Hernandez, Washington Post Staff Writers, Wednesday, August 5, 2009.
For Some Sexually Transmitted Infections, Secondary Prevention May Be Primary. Adam Sonfield, Guttmacher Policy Review; Spring 2009; Volume 12, Number 2
For most sexually transmitted infections, testing and treatment is a key strategy to prevent long-term consequences. Screening and treatment to keep sexually transmitted infections (STIs) from causing serious harm is a critical, if under-appreciated, public health intervention, according to a new policy analysis published in the Spring 2009 issue of the Guttmacher Policy Review.
“Chlamydia, the Silent STD That Can Cause Infertility.” by Melinda Beck for The Wall Street Journal; July6, 2009.
This article describes the impact of chlamydia infection which also presents some innovative prevention strategies--such as the GetTested web-based screening program and EPT.
Counseling for STI Prevention: Recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Annals of Internal Medicine, 7 October 2008 Annals of Internal Medicine Volume 149 • Number 7 491
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends high-intensity behavioral counseling for all sexually active adolescents and for adults at increased risk for STIs (B recommendation). The USPSTF bases this recommendation on an extensive review of the evidence on the benefits and harms of counseling. The review included studies evaluating behavioral counseling interventions conducted in primary care settings, those judged feasible in primary care, and those to which patients might be referred from primary care. See recommendations attached. More information is also available on the website of the USPSTF.
MMWR Early Release March 24, 2009 / Vol. 58 / Early Release
Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents
Recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association
of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 
Medical Accuracy in Sexuality Education: Ideology and
the Scientific Process
This article by Santelli, published in the American Journal of Public Health, discusses the issue of medical accuracy in sexuality education as it relates to the scientific process and ideologies.
Circumcision Status and Risk of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Meta-analysis
This meta-analysis by Millett, et al., published in JAMA, summarizes the strength of the association between male circumcision and HIV infection as well as other STIs among MSM. Authors conclude that further investigation is needed to substantiate this association in this population. The accompanying editorial by Vermund and Qian further elucidates the findings: Circumcision and HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: No Final Word.
Download document (Millett)
Download document (Vermund)
Lack of Effectiveness of Cellulose Sulfate Gel for the Prevention of Vaginal HIV Transmission
This study by Van Damme L, et al., shows a lack of effectiveness of cellulose sulfate gel for prevention of vaginal HIV transmission. In addition, there was no effect on prevention of gonorrhea or chlamydia.
Virginity Pledges Among the Willing: Delays in First Intercourse and Consistency of Condom Use
This study by Martino SC, et al., offers a different analysis of longitudinal relationships between virginity pledging and sexual initiation and condom use.
Moving Upstream: Ecosocial and Psychosocial Correlates of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Young Adults in the United States
This article by Buffardi AL, et al., examines the correlation between contextual conditions and STI risk in adolescents.
A novel gel-based method for self-collection and ambient temperature postal transport of urine for PCR detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. Bialasiewicz S, et al. Sex Transm Infect. 2009 Apr;85(2):102-5. Epub 2008 Nov 12
The aim of this study was to develop a novel urine transport method to be used in self-collection-based screening for Chlamydia trachomatis. The method needed to be suitable for C trachomatis PCR detection, be economical and suitable for transport by standard envelope mailing.
Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests in the Diagnosis of Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infections of the Oropharynx and Rectum in Men Who Have Sex With Men
This article by Schachter J, et al., compares 2 NAATs tests with culture for detection of Ct and GC of the oropharynx and rectum in MSM.
Social Policy/Health Policy/Law
When Less Paperwork Means No Science: The Paperwork Reduction Act and Unintended Consequences for Public Health Research. MB Blank, et al.; Science Progress.org; September 21, 2009.
List of the HEDIS Measures Required for the 2010 Accreditation for Commercial Plans and Medicaid
Action on Health Disparities in the United States: Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Michael G. Marmot; Ruth Bell; JAMA. 2009;301(11):1169-1171 (doi:10.1001/jama.2009.363)
In this report, Marmot and Bell call to address health disparities through action on social determinants of health. If not by greater national income or more spending on medical care, how should the task of improving health in the United States be approached? Pay attention to the social determinants of health.
Social Policy as Health Policy. Steven H. Woolf; JAMA. 2009;301(11):1166-1169 (doi:10.1001/jama.2009.320)
In this commentary, Woolf examines the importance of social policy in impacting health.
HIV/AIDS, Reproductive and Sexual Health, and the Law
This article by Gable, et al., focuses on the role of laws in framing how HIV/AIDS and reproductive and sexual health are dealt with.
Using Sexually Transmitted Infection Biomarkers to Validate Reporting of Sexual Behavior within a Randomized, Experimental Evaluation of Interviewing Methods
This paper by Hewett et al, published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, examines the difference between computerized and face-to-face interview modes of determining sexual risk behaviors as they relate to STI status.
A Longitudinal Study of Vaginal Douching and Bacterial Vaginosis—A Marginal Structural Modeling Analysis
This longitudinal study by Brotman, et al., published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, is a structural modeling analysis that demonstrates increased risk for BV with douching. Authors claim that unlike other studies, they controlled for confounding factors assumed present in previous studies.
Sexual Intercourse Among Adolescents Maltreated Before Age 12: A Prospective Investigation. MM Black, et al.; Pediatrics; Volume 124, Number 3, September 2009
The prospective study by Black. et al., published in the current issue of Pediatrics, demonstrates that maltreatment (physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, and neglect) increases the likelihood of early sexual intercourse (by 14 and 16 years of age).
Trends in Sexual Experience, Contraceptive Use, and Teenage Childbearing: 1992-2002. J Manlove, et al.; Journal of Adolescent Health (2009;44(5):413-423).
A new analysis of data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth for 1992, 1997, and 2002 finds a "dramatic" drop in the percentage of US teens having sex between 1992 and 2002, concurrent with a noticeable rise in contraceptive use by those who were sexually active. But very recent increases in teen pregnancy, after more than a decade-long decline, indicate that improving teens' reproductive health remains a challenge.
Adolescent Health Services: Missing Opportunities
Institute of Medicine http://www.iom.edu/Default.aspx?id=60680
The National Research Council and Institute of Medicine conducted a study on health services for adolescents 10-19 years of age. The study focused on critical health needs of adolescents, promising models of health services, and components of care that could strengthen and improve health services for adolescents and contribute to healthy adolescent behavior. Copies are available for purchase at http://www.iom.edu/Default.aspx?id=60680.
Chlamydia trachomatis and male fertility. Pacey AA, Eley A. Hum Fertil (Camb). 2004 Dec;7(4):271-6
There is increasing evidence that the function of human spermatozoa can be significantly affected by direct exposure to the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. This may contribute to sub-fertility in infected individuals by a route that is independent of any damage to the reproductive epithelium. In addition, if a C. trachomatis infection is undiagnosed it could contribute to poor outcomes in assisted conception techniques such as in vitro fertilization. The antibiotics routinely used in IVF culture systems are largely ineffective against chlamydia, emphasizing the importance of screening patients prior to treatment. Moreover, given the many thousands of semen samples provided for analysis by men in primary care (many of which will never undergo assisted conception treatment), it is suggested that this may represent a wasted opportunity to provide screening (and treatment) for the infection using an appropriate test specimen and without the need for additional hospital visits.
Formal Sex Education Linked to Greater Condom Use Among Teen Males
A new Child Trends study finds that any type of formal sex education is linked with higher levels of condom use at teen males' first sexual experience. However, one in five teen males (ages 15-19) did not receive formal sex education about either abstinence or contraception before having sex for the first time. The study, published in the October 2008 issue of the Journal of Adolescent Health and summarized in a fact sheet, Condom Use and Consistency Among Teen Males examines how multiple dimensions of teen males' lives are associated with condom use and consistency. To download the study, go to http://rs6.net/tn.jsp?e=001DWp9uDapg8WdT0J-L1UiTwOUks9bqLoz2_o8zHnVP9QosgGLRzwLO8oFoE-7-VdqkkYI8FiHmy7xElyyS9sfQk5TGsBBvDT97gIx4dvKrv9OBBgQuolupx58OejXBI-uH7UrN2gZD8Su6ja08f2bBr_2JsKo9nUziJmAL4DG8ianDjw1W3jVNYc6doYryUHo
“Upward trend in chlamydia cases extends to Army,” by Gina Cavallaro, Staff Writer, Army Times, July 19, 2009
Sexual and Reproductive Health of Persons Aged 10--24 Years, United States, 2002—2007 MMWR, July 17, 2009; 58(SS06);1-58
This report presents data for 2002-2007 concerning the sexual and reproductive health of persons aged 10-24 years in the United States. Data were compiled from the National Vital Statistics System and multiple surveys and surveillance systems that monitor sexual and reproductive health outcomes into a single reference report that makes this information more easily accessible to policy makers, researchers, and program providers who are working to improve the reproductive health of young persons in the United States. The report addresses three primary topics: 1) current levels of risk behavior and health outcomes; 2) disparities by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and geographic residence; and 3) trends over time. The data presented in this report indicate that many young persons in the United States engage in sexual risk behavior and experience negative reproductive health outcomes. Although the majority of negative outcomes have been declining for the past decade, the most recent data suggest that progress might be slowing, and certain negative sexual health outcomes are increasing.
Appendix: Sampling Error, Standards of Precision and Reliability, and Case Definitions MMWR, July 17, 2009; 58(SS06);59-60
Chlamydia Screening Among Sexually Active Young Female Enrollees of Health Plans- United States, 2000-2007. MMWR 17 April 2009. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5814a2.htm?s_cid=mm5814a2_e
An analysis of CT screening rates, as measured by HEDIS, by the CDC’s Health Services Research and Evaluation Branch. Note: Please contact Kazi Ahmed, PhD (202-955-1760; Ahmed@ncqa.org) for any data requests.
Provider & Patient Education Materials
Why Screen for Chlamydia? An Implementation Guide for HealthCare Providers. National Chlamydia Coalition/Partnership for Prevention 2009. http://www.prevent.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=244&Itemid=212
When the Cellphone Teaches Sex Education. Jan Hoffman; The New York Times; May 3, 2009
This article discusses yet another form of electronic sex education for teens.
Dear Colleague letter from John M. Douglas, Jr., MD, Director, Division of STD Prevention National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, regarding the article, “Testing for Rectal and Pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis Infections by Gay-Focused Community-Based Organizations — 5 U.S. Cities, 2007” included in the July 10, 2009 edition of CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR).
Partnership for Prevention and National Chlamydia Coalition
http://www.prevent.org/content/view/242/210/
Region VI IPP Chlamydia Challenge newsletter – Winter/Spring 2009
NCSD members newsletter – April 2009
Performance Measures—2007 and Beyond
2009 Performance Measures
Performance Measures Guidance
CDC Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2006
